Statistical investigation of electric field fluctuations around the lower-hybrid frequency range at dipolarization fronts in the near-earth magnetotail

Dipolarization fronts (DFs) are thin magnetic boundary structures, embedded in short-duration, fast earthward-moving plasma flows, so-called bursty bulk flows. Previous case studies have shown that the density gradient at DFs can excite lower-hybrid drift instability (LHDI) and resulting kinetic-scale waves. These waves feature strong electric field fluctuations perpendicular to ambient associated effective particle acceleration/heating. In this study, we statistically examine (LH) frequency range of 61 DF events, using data from Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Mission between 2017 2018 when MMS apogee was magnetotail. We observed all events exhibit enhanced power LH range. Among vary by several orders magnitude. The detected for both high low values electron or pressure gradient. addition, peak wave within is often time steepest DF. results also reveal correlates with flux transport rate DFs. findings suggest gradients, which be formed large-scale DFs, lead LHDI-related signatures may modify original layer profile course its propagation source observation point.